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Investigación para el desarrollo regional sur: Chiapas, Guerrero y Oaxaca | |
Toledo Flores, Javier (editor) ; | |
Distrito Federal, México : Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología :: Sistema de Investigación Benito Juárez , s.f. | |
Clasificación: CH/307.12097275 / I5 | |
Bibliotecas:
San Cristóbal
, Tapachula
Cerrar
SIBE Tapachula
ECO020012039
(Disponible)
, ECO020012038
(Disponible)
Disponibles para prestamo: 2 |
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*Solicítelo con su bibliotecario/a | |
Socio-environmental regimes in natural protected areas: a case study in La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve | |
Meza Jiménez, Amayrani (autora) ; Parra Vázquez, Manuel Roberto (autor) ; García Barrios, Luis Enrique (autor) ; Verschoor, Gerard (autor) ; Estrada Lugo, Erin Ingrid Jane (autora) (1959-) ; | |
Contenido en: Socio-environmental regimes and local visions: transdisciplinary experiences in Latin America / Minerva Arce Ibarra, Manuel Roberto Parra Vázquez, Eduardo Bello Baltazar, Luciana Gomes de Araujo, editors Cham, Switzerland, German : Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020 páginas 291-312 ISBN:978-3-030-49767-5 | |
Nota: | Solicítelo con su bibliotecario/a |
In this chapter, we analyze the reasons why local socio-environmental systems have met in a limited way the purpose of balancing conservation with development in the Upper Basin of the Tablón River (UBTR), located in La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve (SEBIRE). The study used a transdisciplinary exercise which conceives the Local Socio-Environmental Systems (LSES) as complex and adaptive systems, in which four subsystems interact: (i) the local regime, (ii) the landscape, (iii) the agrarian system, and (iv) the territorial action group. Two common property holdings (“ejidos”) were studied with the case study method. The four subsystems were analyzed through participatory and qualitative research. The results indicated: (a) the local regime imposes norms that limit the decision-making capacity of local actors and its compensatory payments generate dependency and a reactive attitude; (b) the setback of forest frontiers has remained relatively stable due to SEBIRE environmental standards, but natural capital is increasingly vulnerable to socio-environmental disturbances; (c) domestic units (DUs) have little capacity to respond to environmental and market changes; their development is restricted by the geographical, social, and economic conditions of the basin; some producers are unable to cover their production costs and their limited resources barely reach the minimum welfare line; and (d) in the UBTR there are important socio-environmental innovation processes that have generated adaptive management alternatives, but these still face significant challenges at the basin level. In conclusion, the LSES of the UBTR has restrictions on its four components and has not reached the capacity to be socially reproduced. In these LSES, the local regime has promoted an economic model and territorial management mechanisms that have made it environmentally and economically vulnerable.
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Traditional knowledge in the Colombian Amazon: tensions between indigenous territorial autonomy and environmental governance | |
De La Cruz Nassar, Pablo Emilio (autor) ; Bello Baltazar, Eduardo (autor) (1960-) ; Acosta Muñoz, Luis Eduardo (autor) ; Estrada Lugo, Erin Ingrid Jane (autora) (1959-) ; Arce Ibarra, Ana Minerva (autora) ; García Jiménez, Luis Enrique (autor) ; | |
Contenido en: Socio-environmental regimes and local visions: transdisciplinary experiences in Latin America / Minerva Arce Ibarra, Manuel Roberto Parra Vázquez, Eduardo Bello Baltazar, Luciana Gomes de Araujo, editors Cham, Switzerland, German : Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020 páginas 27-47 ISBN:978-3-030-49767-5 | |
Nota: | Solicítelo con su bibliotecario/a |
The present study aims to analyze the role of traditional knowledge in territorial autonomy and environmental governance, as well as the level of interest of different indigenous and non-indigenous actors in the southern Colombian Amazon in applying traditional knowledge to public policy. Using the theoretical approaches of political ecology as well as a qualitative method, we describe a multidisciplinary project developed and implemented to incorporate knowledge systems of indigenous peoples of the Colombian Amazon into environmental policy. The results present an analysis of arguments by indigenous organizations, researchers, and government environmental agency administrators for and against using traditional knowledge to address the global ecological crisis. Through interviews and reports systematized by researchers and local collaborators within the project, we discuss conflicts that emerge when attempts are made to apply traditional knowledge in asymmetrical spaces of power. This includes responses by local residents to the global governance regime, which imposes policies regarding traditional knowledge in indigenous territories, and the possible repercussions of environmental policies on indigenous autonomy regimes in territories considered to be ancestral by indigenous peoples. We conclude that indigenous communities and organizations are more willing to apply traditional knowledge to public policy when the process is oriented toward strengthening their territorial and environmental autonomy than when external actors attempt to use this knowledge to promote global regulatory regimes that are beyond the control of local actors.
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Violencia de género heteronormativa entre hombres homosexuales residentes de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas / Luis Enrique García Jiménez | |
García Jiménez, Luis Enrique ; Cruz Salazar, Tania (directora) ; Winton, Ailsa (asesora) ; Bellato Gil, Lilliana (asesora) ; | |
San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México : El Colegio de la Frontera Sur , 2019 | |
Clasificación: TE/362.88086642 / G3 | |
Bibliotecas:
San Cristóbal
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Esta tesis no monográfica explora cómo se gesta la violencia de género entre los varones homosexuales mayores de edad residentes de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, al visualizar a sus imaginarios sexo/genéricos como esquemas de pensamiento integrados y reproducidos a partir de modelos heteronormativos de ser varón y mujer que ordenan su ser, pensar y sentir. Mediante el método de observación participante y directa en sus espacios de convivencia, la técnica de entrevista a profundidad y dos grupos de discusión se dilucidó que la violencia de género en el mundo homosexual local se gesta a partir de significados imaginarios sociales que estigmatizan sus condiciones de género, étnicas, de clase y edad – notorias por los rasgos físicos, conductas y prácticas que encarnan y/o representan – al contrariar a los modelos de masculinidad machista, hegemónico y gay. Los resultados muestran que, por la influencia de las instituciones sociales y los medios de comunicación masiva, el uso de la violencia heteronormativa se justifica al integrarse a la red local de imaginarios sociales misóginos, homofóbicos y queerfóbicos, anclados en valores judeocristianos y consumistas, que legitima desigualdades intra grupales por medio del consenso social. Así, una economía simbólica de poder basada en imágenes alrededor de la dominación masculina – sujeción femenina gesta la gradiente opresora y de sometimiento que origina violencia de género heteronormativa al interior del mundo homosexual residente; según lo imaginado sobre sus cuerpos, conductas y prácticas.
Este documento evidencia y discute las varias identidades subalternas en su interior, el contexto sociocultural machista y clasista que condiciona su convivencia intra grupal en San Cristóbal de Las Casas y cómo con base en ambos se instituyen relaciones de poder violentas, expropiantes y de resistencia, para obtener el capital simbólico masculino por el que los varones son más aceptados socialmente al limitar su ser hombre/homosexual. De tal manera, esta tesis ofrece una perspectiva alternativa a trabajos académicos que abordan a la homosexualidad, la Cultura/Identidad Gay y la masculinidad; que en general no reconocen la violencia ejercida al interior de la población de hombres homosexuales al optar por visibilizarle como un colectivo homogéneo contrario a la heteronormatividad.
Resumen
Capítulo 1. Aproximación a la violencia de género heteronormativa local
1.1 La violencia de género en el mundo homosexual de San Cristóbal de Las Casas
1.2 Marco teórico-metodológico: violencia heteronormativa e imaginarios de género
1.3 El imaginario social como categoría de análisis
1.4 Estrategia metodológica
Capítulo 2. Artículo sometido a Revista de estudios de género ‘La ventana’
Título: La violencia de género y el imaginario de la heteronormatividad entre hombres homosexuales viviendo en San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas. 2.1 Resumen/Abstract
2.2 Contexto y problemática
2.3 Literatura
2.4 Marco teórico – metodológico
2.5 Proceso metodológico y analítico
2.6 Hallazgos 2.6.1 El mundo identitario homosexual en San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas
2.6.2 El modelo de masculinidad machista (Macho) y sus implicaciones intra grupales
2.6.3 El modelo de masculinidad hegemónica y sus implicaciones intra grupales
2.6.4 El modelo de masculinidad Gay y sus implicaciones intra grupales
2.6.5 El régimen homosexual identitario de estatus y la violencia intra grupal local
2.7 Conclusiones
2.8 Notas
2.9 Referencias y bibliografía
Capítulo 3. Reflexiones sobre la violencia intra grupal en el mundo homosexual
Capítulo 4. Bibliografía y referencias
Anexos
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Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) represents 5–10% of all patients with breast cancer and is associated with high-risk pathogenic alleles in BRCA1/2 genes, but only for 25% of cases. We aimed to find new pathogenic alleles in a panel of 143 cancer-predisposing genes in 300 Mexican cancer patients with suspicion of HBOC and 27 high-risk patients with a severe family history of cancer, using massive parallel sequencing. We found pathogenic variants in 23 genes, including BRCA1/2. In the group of cancer patients 15% (46/300) had a pathogenic variant; 11% (33/300) harbored variants with unknown clinical significance (VUS) and 74% (221/300) were negative. The high-risk group had 22% (6/27) of patients with pathogenic variants, 4% (1/27) had VUS and 74% (20/27) were negative. The most recurrent mutations were the Mexican founder deletion of exons 9-12 and the variant p.G228fs in BRCA1, each found in 5 of 17 patients with alterations in this gene. Rare VUS with potential impact at the protein level were found in 21 genes. Our results show for the first time in the Mexican population a higher contribution of pathogenic alleles in other susceptibility cancer genes (54%) than in BRCA1/2 (46%), highlighting the high locus heterogeneity of HBOC and the necessity of expanding genetic tests for this disease to include broader gene panels.
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Smallholder response to environmental change: impacts of coffee leaf rust in a forest frontier in Mexico | |
Valencia, Vivian ; García Barrios, Luis Enrique (coaut.) ; Sterling, Eleanor J. (coaut.) ; West, Paige (coaut.) ; Meza Jiménez, Amayrani (coaut.) ; Naeem, Shahid (coaut.) ; | |
Contenido en: Land Use Policy Vol. 79 (December 2018), p. 463-474 ISSN: 0264-8377 | |
Nota: | Solicítelo con su bibliotecario/a |
Coffee agroforestry systems are a promising approach to the challenge of sustaining both biodiversity and livelihoods in tropical landscapes. However, coffee farmers' response to the unrelenting coffee leaf rust (CLR) outbreak may have repercussions for the potential of coffee agroforestry systems to contribute to biodiversity conservation. Adaptations in management practices could affect the extent to which farmers rely on ecological processes vs. external inputs (e.g., agrochemicals) to support production. This study investigates farmers' response to CLR outbreak through a study in a forest frontier in a Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico. We conducted household surveys and fieldwork before the CLR outbreak in 2011-2012 (n = 59), and follow-up surveys after the outbreak in 2016 (n = 48). Before CLR outbreak, farmers were cultivating Arabica coffee varieties in agroforestry systems and generally following agroecological approaches. Most farmers (82%) were certified organic and did not employ synthetic agrochemicals. Farmers (66%) had plans to expand their Arabica coffee agroforests either into forest (35%) or fallow (31%) in response to high farm gate prices. After CLR outbreak, 94% of farmers had CLR-resistant hybrid coffee varieties (HCV) in their possession and were either incorporating them by substituting affected Arabica coffee plants in existing fields, or by establishing new coffee fields with HCV at lower elevations. In attempts to control CLR, farmers (54%) also applied agrochemicals at least once and, to a lesser extent (19%), removed shade trees. Among the farmers (63%) who were planning on expanding coffee production with HCV, more farmers were planning on expanding on fallow (46%) than forest (17%) compared to the period before CLR outbreak (p-value < 0.05). Public and private actors promoted and distributed saplings of HCV and agrochemicals along with technical assistance.
The promotion of HCV along with fertilizers may result in a substitution of ecosystem functions with agrochemicals, and the need to acquire seeds and saplings outside of farmers’ own resource base and networks. This shift in management strategies generates new instabilities and risks by introducing a new market for HCV about which little is known and by making external agents the holders of productive resources and knowledge.
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The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
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Diseño y evaluación de herramientas lúdicas de aprendizaje socio-ambiental para identificar actitudes, motivaciones y decisiones de la juventud rural campesina contemporánea | |
Meza Jiménez, Amayrani ; García Barrios, Luis Enrique (coaut.) ; Saldívar Moreno, Antonio (coaut.) ; Vera Noriega, José Ángel (coaut.) ; | |
Contenido en: Revista Electrónica Educare Vol. 20, no. 2 (mayo-agosto 2016), p. 1-36 ISSN: 1409-4258 | |
La relación actual y potencial de la juventud rural contemporánea con el patrimonio agrícola y natural (PAN) que heredarán es poco conocida, pero de vital importancia. En este estudio diseñamos, adaptamos y evaluamos distintas herramientas de aprendizaje socioambiental para identificar y reflexionar las opiniones, acciones y motivaciones de jóvenes de 14 a 17 años de edad para usar su PAN en el futuro, en un área de la Reserva de la Biosfera la Sepultura, Chiapas, México. La propuesta metodológica consta de una exploración de discursos, se utiliza el método Q y tres juegos de mesa originales (Mi territorio ideal, El carga palito y Manantiales de la Sierra). Estas cuatro herramientas se les ofrecieron a 46 jóvenes, se monitoreó en talleres su uso, y se registraron y analizaron estadísticamente sus resultados. Las herramientas presentadas permitieron a) identificar al menos cuatro discursos de jóvenes sobre el uso de su PAN, y b) revelarle al propio grupo de jóvenes sus preferencias de uso del suelo, niveles de diversificación e intensificación, y su disposición hacia conductas de dominancia/ subordinación, competencia, cooperación, coordinación, equidad y solidaridad que emergen en ellos y ellas al tomar decisiones sobre el PAN.
Quienes participaron reportaron haber comprendido y disfrutado estas herramientas, y haber aprendido sobre sus propias motivaciones. En su conjunto, estos materiales conforman una propuesta educativa lúdica que permite a docentes y a estudiantes identificar las motivaciones externas e internas, conductas de conservación, intensificación y diversificación para el manejo del PAN, actitudes de dominancia y equidad entre jóvenes, y preferencias hacia el trabajo individual y colectivo. Esta propuesta es innovadora, participativa, dinámica, contextualizada, y posee un alto potencial para incorporarla en el currículo escolar del nivel medio en la zona de estudio y en regiones rurales similares de México, Latinoamérica y el mundo.
The current and potential relationship of contemporary rural youth with the agricultural and natural patrimony (PAN, according to its Spanish initials) that they will inherit is little known, but vitally important. In this study, we designed, adapted, and evaluated a variety of socio-environmental learning tools in order to identify and reflect on the opinions, actions, and motivations of 14 to 17 year olds in an area of the Sepultura Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico to use their PAN in the future. The methodological approach consisted of exploring discourses using the Q method and three original table games (Mi territorio ideal, El carga palito y Manantiales de la Sierra). 46 teens were shown how to use these four tools, their use was monitored in workshops, and results were recorded and statistically analyzed. These tools allowed a) identifying at least four discourses of the teens regarding the use of their PAN, and b) reveal to the teens the preferences for land use, levels of diversification and intensification, and their disposition toward behaviors of dominance/subordination, competition, cooperation, coordination, equity, and solidarity that emerge from their decision making regarding PAN. Participants said they understood and enjoyed these tools, and that they learned about their own motivations. Together, these materials conform a dynamic educational approach that allows teachers and students to identify external and internal motivations, conservation behavior, intensification and diversification for managing PAN, attitudes of dominance and equity among teens, and preferences towards individual or collective working. This proposal is innovative, participatory, dynamic, and contextualized, and has great potential to be incorporated in the middle school curriculum in the study area and in similar rural regions of Mexico, as well as in the rest of Latin America and the world.
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Una mirada al conocimiento de los ecosistemas de México / editores: Patricia Balvanera, Ernesto Arias-González, Ricardo Rodríguez-Estrella, Lucía Almeida-Leñero y Juan J. Schmitter-Soto | |
Balvanera, Patricia (ed.) ; Arias González, Jesús Ernesto (coed.) ; Rodríguez Estrella, Ricardo (coed.) ; Almeida Leñero, Lucía (coed.) ; Schmitter Soto, Juan Jacobo (coed.) ; | |
Ciudad de México, México : Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , 2016 | |
Introducción general
1 Cambio climático: contexto histórico, paleoecológico y paleoclimático. Tendencias actuales y perspectivas
2 Impacto de las actividades humanas en la biodiversidad y en los ecosistemas
3 Cambios en la biodiversidad y sus consecuencias en el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas y sus servicios
4 Los servicios ecosistémicos
5 Herramientas y estrategias para el estudio y la conservación de los ecosistemas y su biodiversidad
Conclusiones generales