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An assessment of natural and human disturbance effects on Mexican ecosystems: current trends and research gaps

Calderón Aguilera, Luis Eduardo | Rivera Monroy, Víctor H [autor/a] | Porter Bolland, Luciana [autor/a] | Martínez Yrizar, Angelina [autor/a] | Ladah, Lydia B [autor/a] | Martínez Ramos, Miguel [autor/a] | Alcocer Durand, Javier [autor/a] | Santiago Pérez, Ana Luisa [autor/a] | Hernández Arana, Héctor Abuid [autor/a] | Reyes Gómez, Víctor M [autor/a] | Pérez Salicrup, Diego Rafael [autor/a] | Díaz Nuñez, Vicente [autor/a] | Sosa Ramírez, Joaquín [autor/a] | Herrera Silveira, Jorge Alfredo [autor/a] | Búrquez, Alberto [autor/a].
Tipo de material: Artículo ArtículoTema(s): Ecosistemas forestales | Ecosistemas acuáticos | Disturbio ecológico | Huracanes | Resiliencia ambientalTema(s) en inglés: Forestal ecosystems | Aquatic ecosystems | Ecological disturbances | Hurricanes | Environmental resilienceDescriptor(es) geográficos: México Nota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso En: Biodiversity and Conservation. volumen 21, número 3 (March 2012), páginas 589-617. --ISSN: 0960-3115Número de sistema: 9875Resumen:
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Mexico harbors more than 10% of the planet's endemic species. However, the integrity and biodiversity of many ecosystems is experiencing rapid transformation under the influence of a wide array of human and natural disturbances. In order to disentangle the effects of human and natural disturbance regimes at different spatial and temporal scales, we selected six terrestrial (temperate montane forests, montane cloud forests, tropical rain forests, tropical semi-deciduous forests, tropical dry forests, and deserts) and four aquatic (coral reefs, mangrove forests, kelp forests and saline lakes) ecosystems. We used semi-quantitative statistical methods to assess (1) the most important agents of disturbance affecting the ecosystems, (2) the vulnerability of each ecosystem to anthropogenic and natural disturbance, and (3) the differences in ecosystem disturbance regimes and their resilience. Our analysis indicates a significant variation in ecological responses, recovery capacity, and resilience among ecosystems. The constant and widespread presence of human impacts on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is reflected either in reduced area coverage for most systems, or reduced productivity and biodiversity, particularly in the case of fragile ecosystems (e.g., rain forests, coral reefs). In all cases, the interaction between historical human impacts and episodic high intensity natural disturbance (e.g., hurricanes, fires) has triggered a reduction in species diversity and induced significant changes in habitat distribution or species dominance. The lack of monitoring programs assessing before/after effects of major disturbances in Mexico is one of the major limitations to quantifying the commonalities and differences of disturbance effects on ecosystem properties.
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Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso

Mexico harbors more than 10% of the planet's endemic species. However, the integrity and biodiversity of many ecosystems is experiencing rapid transformation under the influence of a wide array of human and natural disturbances. In order to disentangle the effects of human and natural disturbance regimes at different spatial and temporal scales, we selected six terrestrial (temperate montane forests, montane cloud forests, tropical rain forests, tropical semi-deciduous forests, tropical dry forests, and deserts) and four aquatic (coral reefs, mangrove forests, kelp forests and saline lakes) ecosystems. We used semi-quantitative statistical methods to assess (1) the most important agents of disturbance affecting the ecosystems, (2) the vulnerability of each ecosystem to anthropogenic and natural disturbance, and (3) the differences in ecosystem disturbance regimes and their resilience. Our analysis indicates a significant variation in ecological responses, recovery capacity, and resilience among ecosystems. The constant and widespread presence of human impacts on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is reflected either in reduced area coverage for most systems, or reduced productivity and biodiversity, particularly in the case of fragile ecosystems (e.g., rain forests, coral reefs). In all cases, the interaction between historical human impacts and episodic high intensity natural disturbance (e.g., hurricanes, fires) has triggered a reduction in species diversity and induced significant changes in habitat distribution or species dominance. The lack of monitoring programs assessing before/after effects of major disturbances in Mexico is one of the major limitations to quantifying the commonalities and differences of disturbance effects on ecosystem properties. eng

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