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Presence of pesticides and toxicity assessment of agricultural soils in the Quintana Roo mayan zone, Mexico using biomarkers in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)

Andrade Herrera, Moisés [autor] | Escalona Segura, Griselda [autora] | González Jáuregui, Mauricio [autor] | Reyna Hurtado, Rafael Ángel [autor] | Vargas Contreras, Jorge Albino [autor] | Rendón von Osten, Jaime [autor].
Tipo de material: Artículo en línea Artículo en línea Tema(s): Residuos de plaguicidas | Plaguicidas organoclorados | Lombrices de tierra | Eisenia fetida | Marcadores bioquímicos | Contaminación de suelosTema(s) en inglés: Pesticide residues | Organochlorine pesticides | Earthworms | Eisenia fetida | Biochemical markers | Soil pollutionDescriptor(es) geográficos: José María Morelos (Quintana Roo, México) Nota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso En: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. Volumen 230, número 59 (March 2019), páginas 1-13. --ISSN: 0049-6979Número de sistema: 36398Resumen:
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Agriculture intensification and the use of pesticides have led to biodiversity loss due to soil toxic compounds. Thus, soil contamination studies are important to understand the negative effects in the physicochemical interactions. The use of biomarkers through bioindicators is a useful tool for assessing toxicity in agricultural environments complemented with the determination of pesticides. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphate (OPPs) pesticides and the soil's potential toxicity in agricultural fields with different crops from the center of Quintana Roo State, using a set of enzymatic biomarkers (BMs), such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed for 96 h on nine different agricultural soils as well as on a reference soil from a conservation area. Within all samples of soils, only OCPs were detected in low concentrations (ranged from non-detected to 1.40 ppm). However, no correlation was observed between these pesticides and the BMs activity. AChE and CAT activity was significantly inhibited in at least one agricultural soil if compared to the conservation area, while no significant differences of GST were observed. The AChE activity observed suggests the presence of anticholinergic substances (that were neither detected nor determined analytically) in the sampled soils. The characterization of oxidative stress BMs was not correlated with the OCPs analyzed. Our results demonstrate that further studies of toxicity under field conditions are required, given the complexity of environmental conditions outside the laboratory.

Recurso en línea: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4105-1
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Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso

Agriculture intensification and the use of pesticides have led to biodiversity loss due to soil toxic compounds. Thus, soil contamination studies are important to understand the negative effects in the physicochemical interactions. The use of biomarkers through bioindicators is a useful tool for assessing toxicity in agricultural environments complemented with the determination of pesticides. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphate (OPPs) pesticides and the soil's potential toxicity in agricultural fields with different crops from the center of Quintana Roo State, using a set of enzymatic biomarkers (BMs), such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed for 96 h on nine different agricultural soils as well as on a reference soil from a conservation area. Within all samples of soils, only OCPs were detected in low concentrations (ranged from non-detected to 1.40 ppm). However, no correlation was observed between these pesticides and the BMs activity. AChE and CAT activity was significantly inhibited in at least one agricultural soil if compared to the conservation area, while no significant differences of GST were observed. The AChE activity observed suggests the presence of anticholinergic substances (that were neither detected nor determined analytically) in the sampled soils. The characterization of oxidative stress BMs was not correlated with the OCPs analyzed. Our results demonstrate that further studies of toxicity under field conditions are required, given the complexity of environmental conditions outside the laboratory. eng

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