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Nature's matrix: linking agriculture, conservation and food sovereignty / Ivette Perfecto, John Vandermeer and Angus Wright

Por: Perfecto, Ivette. Doctora [autor/a].
Vandermeer, John [autor/a] | Wright, Angus [autor/a].
Tipo de material: Libro
 impreso(a) 
 Libro impreso(a) Editor: London, England: Earthscan Publications Ltd., 2009Descripción: x, 242 páginas ; 23 centímetros.ISBN: 1844077829; 9781844077823.Tema(s): Conservación de la diversidad biológica | Diversidad biológica | Agricultura | Agroecología | Cultivos alimenticios | Café | Theobroma cacao | Soberanía alimentaria | Ecología políticaDescriptor(es) geográficos: Nueva York (Estados Unidos) | Mesoamérica | Amazonia BrasileñaClasificación: 333.9516 / P44 Nota de bibliografía: Incluye bibliografía: páginas 215-233 e índice: páginas 235-242 Número de sistema: 49458Contenidos:Mostrar Resumen:
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Landscapes are frequently seen as fragments of natural habitat surrounded by a "sea" of agriculture. But recent ecological theory shows that the nature of these fragments is not nearly as important for conservation as is the nature of the matrix of agriculture that surrounds them. Local extinctions from conservation fragments are inevitable and must be balanced by migrations if massive extinction is to be avoided. High migration rates only occur in what the authors refer to as "high quality" matrices, which are created by alternative agroecological techniques, as opposed to the industrial monocultural model of agriculture. The authors, including SNRE Professor Ivette Perfecto, argue that the only way to promote such high quality matrices is to work with rural social movements. Their ideas are at odds with the major trends of some of the large conservation organizations that emphasize targeted land purchases of protected areas. They argue that recent advances in ecological research make such a general approach anachronistic and call, rather, for solidarity with the small farmers around the world who are currently struggling to attain food sovereignty. Nature's Matrix proposes a radically new approach to the conservation of biodiversity based on recent advances in the science of ecology plus political realities, particularly in the world's tropical regions.

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Incluye bibliografía: páginas 215-233 e índice: páginas 235-242

List of figures and boxes.. Preface.. Acknowledgements.. List of abbreviations.. 1 Matrix Matters: An Overview.. The Birds of New York and the Coffee of Mesoamerica.. The Argument.. Towards a New Paradigm.. Notes.. 2 The Ecological Argument.. The Fundamental Patterns of Biodiversity.. Why the Biodiversity Patterns Matter.. The Ecological Background to Biodiversity Studies.. Ecological Theory and Political Realities.. Notes.. 3 The Agricultural Matrix.. The Development of Agriculture.. The Industrial Model.. The Alternative Movement.. Natural Systems Agriculture.. Biodiversity as it Relates to Agro-ecology.. Notes.. 4 The Broad Social Context for Understanding Biodiversity, Conservation and Agriculture.. The Importance of the Deep Historical Context.. Difficult Socio-political Issues in Practical Conservation Work.. Sources of Systematic Bias in Conservation Practice.. The Brazilian Amazon: A Case Study in Conservation, Livelihood and Social Movements.. The Dependency Trap in Biodiversity Conservation.. Grass Roots Social Movements.. Notes.. 5 Coffee, Cacao and Food Crops: Case Studies of Agriculture and Biodiversity.. Coffee and the Technical Side of Biodiversity.. Cacao and Biodiversity: The Historical Development of a Biodiversity Landscape.. The Production of Food and the Biodiversity Connection.. Agricultural Potential in the Matrix.. Notes.. 6 The New Paradigm.. Recapping the Ecological Argument.. Recapping the Agricultural Argument.. Recapping the Social Movement Argument.. Putting the Three Arguments Together.. Notes.. References.. Index

Landscapes are frequently seen as fragments of natural habitat surrounded by a "sea" of agriculture. But recent ecological theory shows that the nature of these fragments is not nearly as important for conservation as is the nature of the matrix of agriculture that surrounds them. Local extinctions from conservation fragments are inevitable and must be balanced by migrations if massive extinction is to be avoided. High migration rates only occur in what the authors refer to as "high quality" matrices, which are created by alternative agroecological techniques, as opposed to the industrial monocultural model of agriculture. The authors, including SNRE Professor Ivette Perfecto, argue that the only way to promote such high quality matrices is to work with rural social movements. Their ideas are at odds with the major trends of some of the large conservation organizations that emphasize targeted land purchases of protected areas. They argue that recent advances in ecological research make such a general approach anachronistic and call, rather, for solidarity with the small farmers around the world who are currently struggling to attain food sovereignty. Nature's Matrix proposes a radically new approach to the conservation of biodiversity based on recent advances in the science of ecology plus political realities, particularly in the world's tropical regions. eng

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