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Pharmacological effects and toxicity of Costus pulverulentus C. Presl (Costaceae) 

Alonso Castro, Ángel Josabad [autor] | Zapata Morales, Juan Ramón [autor] | González Chávez, Marco Martin [autor] | Carranza Álvarez, Candy [autora] | Hernández Benavides, Diego Manuel [autor] | Hernández Morales, Alejandro [autor].
Tipo de material: Artículo en línea Artículo en línea Tema(s): Costus pulverulentus | Plantas medicinales | Composición química | Toxicidad | Analgésicos | Cáncer | Antiinflamatorios | EtnofarmacologíaTema(s) en inglés: Costus pulverulentus | Medicinal plants | Chemical composition | Toxicity | Antinociceptive | Cancer | Antinflammatory | EthnopharmacologyDescriptor(es) geográficos: Aquismón (San Luis Potosí, México) Nota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso En: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. volumen 180 (March 2016), páginas 124-130. --ISSN: 0378-8741Número de sistema: 58106Resumen:
Inglés

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Costus pulverulentus C. Presl (Costaceae), a species endemic to Mexico, is used for the empirical treatment of cancer, pain, and inflammation. Aim of the study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, as well as the cytotoxic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects of an ethanol extract from Costus pulverulentus stem (CPE). Materials and methods: The chemical characterization of CPE was performed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The toxicity of CPE was evaluated using the comet assay (10-1000 µg/ml during 5 h) and the acute toxicity test (500-5000 mg/kg p.o. and i.p. during 14 days). The cytotoxic effect of CPE (1-250 µg/ml) on human cancer cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. The antinociceptive effects of CPE (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) were evaluated using thermal-induced nociception tests (hot plate and tail flick) and the chemical-induced nociceptive tests (acetic acid and formalin). The sedative activity of CPE (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) was evaluated using the ketamine-induced sleeping time test.

Results: CPE showed the presence of compounds such as campesterol, stigmasterol β-sitosterol, vanillicacid, among others. In the comet assay, CPE at 200 µg/ml or higher concentrations induced DNA damage. In the acute toxicity test, the LD 50 estimated for CPE was > 5000 mg/kg p.o. or i.p. CEP showed moderate cytotoxic effects on prostate carcinoma cells PC-3 cells (IC 50=179+23.2 µg/ml). In the chemical-induced nociception models, CPE (100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.) showed antinociceptive effects with similar activity to 100 mg/kg naproxen. In the thermal-induced nociception tests, CPE tested at 200 mg/kg showed moderate antinociceptive effects by 28% (hot plate test) and by 25% (tail fl ick test). In the ketamine-induced sleeping time test, CPE showed no sedative effects. Conclusions: C. pulverulents exerts moderate cytotoxic effects in human cancer cells, moderate anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. C. pulverulentus induces antinociceptive effects without inducing sedation.

Recurso en línea: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874116300113
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Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Costus pulverulentus C. Presl (Costaceae), a species endemic to Mexico, is used for the empirical treatment of cancer, pain, and inflammation. Aim of the study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, as well as the cytotoxic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects of an ethanol extract from Costus pulverulentus stem (CPE). Materials and methods: The chemical characterization of CPE was performed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The toxicity of CPE was evaluated using the comet assay (10-1000 µg/ml during 5 h) and the acute toxicity test (500-5000 mg/kg p.o. and i.p. during 14 days). The cytotoxic effect of CPE (1-250 µg/ml) on human cancer cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. The antinociceptive effects of CPE (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) were evaluated using thermal-induced nociception tests (hot plate and tail flick) and the chemical-induced nociceptive tests (acetic acid and formalin). The sedative activity of CPE (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) was evaluated using the ketamine-induced sleeping time test. eng

Results: CPE showed the presence of compounds such as campesterol, stigmasterol β-sitosterol, vanillicacid, among others. In the comet assay, CPE at 200 µg/ml or higher concentrations induced DNA damage. In the acute toxicity test, the LD 50 estimated for CPE was > 5000 mg/kg p.o. or i.p. CEP showed moderate cytotoxic effects on prostate carcinoma cells PC-3 cells (IC 50=179+23.2 µg/ml). In the chemical-induced nociception models, CPE (100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.) showed antinociceptive effects with similar activity to 100 mg/kg naproxen. In the thermal-induced nociception tests, CPE tested at 200 mg/kg showed moderate antinociceptive effects by 28% (hot plate test) and by 25% (tail fl ick test). In the ketamine-induced sleeping time test, CPE showed no sedative effects. Conclusions: C. pulverulents exerts moderate cytotoxic effects in human cancer cells, moderate anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. C. pulverulentus induces antinociceptive effects without inducing sedation. eng

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